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Cyproheptadine

Cyproheptadine 4mg, 8mg

Cyproheptadine is an antihistamine medication that primarily functions to relieve allergy symptoms by blocking the effects of histamine in the body. It is often used to treat allergic reactions, such as hay fever and hives, and is also known for its appetite-stimulating properties, making it beneficial in certain situations like managing weight loss in patients. While it can cause drowsiness as a side effect, it effectively alleviates symptoms like sneezing, itching, and runny nose.

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Description

Cyproheptadine is an antihistamine that is primarily used to relieve allergy symptoms and increase appetite in certain conditions. It works by blocking the effects of histamine, a substance that your body produces during an allergic reaction, and also has anticholinergic properties, making it effective for various uses beyond allergy relief.

Uses / Indications

  • Allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
  • Urticaria (hives)
  • Allergic conjunctivitis
  • Itching of the skin
  • Increased appetite in specific medical conditions (e.g., children with failure to thrive)
  • Control of migraines in some patients

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
4 mg two to three times daily (maximum 12 mg per day).

Children (over 2 years):
2 mg to 4 mg two to three times daily (based on age and weight).

Note: Dosage may vary based on medical condition or doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Cyproheptadine blocks both H1 histamine receptors and has anticholinergic effects, preventing histamine from producing allergic symptoms. Its unique properties also stimulate appetite via the central nervous system.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

  • Drowsiness
  • Dry mouth
  • Increased appetite
  • Dizziness

Rare/serious side effects:

  • Fast or irregular heartbeat
  • Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
  • Vision changes

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

  • Inform your doctor if you have glaucoma, asthma, or urinary retention issues.
  • Use caution when combining with other medications that may cause drowsiness.
  • Avoid use in children under 2 years of age without doctor’s supervision.

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

  • Alcohol (may enhance sedative effects)
  • Other antihistamines
  • MAO inhibitors (may enhance effects of cyproheptadine)
  • Tranquilizers and muscle relaxants

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

  • Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
  • Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
  • Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

  • Severe drowsiness
  • Confusion
  • Rapid heart rate
  • Nausea or vomiting

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

  • Known allergy to Cyproheptadine or any of its components
  • Use in newborns or in children under 2 years of age

Brand Names / Alternatives

  • Periactin
  • Generic name: Cyproheptadine