Tetracycline

Description

Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting the protein synthesis of bacteria, preventing their growth and reproduction. Tetracycline is effective against a range of conditions, including acne, respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, and certain venereal diseases.

Uses / Indications

• Acne vulgaris
• Urinary tract infections
• Respiratory tract infections (such as pneumonia)
• Sexually transmitted infections (like chlamydia)
• Infections caused by certain bacteria (e.g., rickettsial infections)
• Periodontal disease

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Typical dosage ranges from 250 mg to 500 mg every 6 to 12 hours, depending on the severity and type of infection.

Children (under 8 years old):
Use of tetracycline is generally not recommended due to potential toxicity and effects on developing teeth and bones.

Note: Dosage may vary based on medical condition or doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Tetracycline exerts its antibacterial effects by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting the addition of amino acids to growing peptide chains, thus preventing bacterial protein synthesis. This action ultimately halts bacterial growth and leads to the resolution of the infection.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Loss of appetite
• Photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to sunlight)

Rare/serious side effects:

• Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
• Liver damage (indicated by jaundice)
• Kidney issues (uncommon)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have liver or kidney disease, or if pregnant/breastfeeding.
• Avoid exposure to sunlight and tanning beds; use sunscreen.
• Do not use in children under 8 years old due to risks of tooth discoloration and other effects.

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Antacids containing aluminum, magnesium, or calcium (may reduce effectiveness of tetracycline)
• Iron supplements (may interfere with absorption)
• Some oral contraceptives (may decrease effectiveness)
• Other antibiotics (may either enhance or diminish effectiveness)

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (15°C–30°C / 59°F–86°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
• Keep out of reach of children
• Discard any unused medication after the expiration date

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

• Severe nausea or vomiting
• Dizziness
• Severe headache
• Abdominal pain

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

• Known allergy to tetracycline or related antibiotics
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women (due to risks to the fetus/infant)

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Achromycin
• Sumycin
• Tetracyn
• Generic name: Tetracycline