Clomipramine

Description

Clomipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant primarily used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and various forms of depression. It works by affecting neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly serotonin and norepinephrine, which help improve mood and reduce anxiety.

Uses / Indications

• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
• Major depressive disorder
• Panic disorder
• Chronic pain management
• Certain childhood behavioral disorders

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Initial dose is typically 25 mg daily, which may be increased to a target range of 75 to 100 mg based on response and tolerability.

Children (aged 10–17 years):
The starting dose is usually 10 mg daily, which can be adjusted according to the child’s response, typically ranging from 25 mg to 100 mg.

Note: Dosage may vary based on individual needs, medical condition, and doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Clomipramine primarily exerts its effects by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps elevate mood and reduce symptoms of anxiety and compulsion. Its action on these neurotransmitters is essential for managing OCD and depression effectively.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Drowsiness
• Dry mouth
• Constipation
• Weight gain
• Blurred vision

Rare/serious side effects:

• Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
• Fast or irregular heartbeat
• Seizures
• Suicidal thoughts or behavior (particularly in young adults)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have a history of seizures, cardiovascular diseases, or liver problems.
• Use caution if you have a history of substance abuse or are currently using other sedative medications.
• May cause drowsiness; avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how it affects you.

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Other antidepressants (especially MAO inhibitors)
• Alcohol (may increase sedation)
• Antihistamines
• Certain medications that may affect liver enzymes

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

• Severe drowsiness
• Difficulty breathing
• Fast or irregular heartbeat
• Confusion or hallucinations

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

• Allergic to Clomipramine or any of its components
• Recent use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Anafranil
• Clomipramine Hydrochloride
• Various generics are also available