Sertraline

Description

Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly prescribed to treat various mental health conditions. It works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in mood regulation, which helps alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Uses / Indications

• Major depressive disorder
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
• Panic disorder
• Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Social anxiety disorder
• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
The usual starting dose is 50 mg once daily, which may be adjusted based on individual response and tolerability.

Children and adolescents aged 6–17 years:
The initial dose is typically 25 mg once daily, which may be increased to 50 mg after one week based on clinical response.

Note: Dosage may vary based on specific conditions and physician recommendations.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Sertraline works by selectively inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin in the brain, thereby increasing its availability in the synaptic cleft. This enhanced serotonin transmission is believed to improve mood and reduce anxiety symptoms.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Insomnia
• Dry mouth
• Fatigue

Rare/serious side effects:

• Suicidal thoughts or behaviors
• Serotonin syndrome (symptoms may include agitation, hallucinations, rapid heartbeat)
• Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have a history of liver disease, seizures, or if you are pregnant/breastfeeding
• Use caution when taking other medications that affect serotonin levels
• Monitor for worsening depression or emergent suicidal thoughts, especially at the start of treatment

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
• Other SSRIs or SNRIs
• St. John’s Wort
• Medications that affect liver enzymes

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

• Tremors
• Extreme drowsiness
• Rapid heartbeat
• Nausea or vomiting

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

• Allergic to Sertraline
• Use of MAO inhibitors within the past 14 days

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Zoloft
• Lustral (international)
• Generic name: Sertraline