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Amantadine

Amantadine 100mg

Amantadine is an antiviral and antiparkinsonian medication primarily used to treat and prevent influenza A virus infections, as well as to manage symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and certain movement disorders. It works by inhibiting the replication of the virus and modulating the release of neurotransmitters in the brain, helping to reduce rigidity and tremors. Amantadine may also be prescribed for symptoms of fatigue in multiple sclerosis, offering a multifaceted approach to treatment.

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Description

Amantadine is an antiviral and antiparkinsonian medication primarily used to treat certain viral infections and to manage symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. It works by interfering with the ability of viruses to reproduce and by altering the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly dopamine.

Uses / Indications

  • Influenza A virus infection
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Essential tremor
  • Post-traumatic dyskinesia
  • Symptomatic treatment of Parkinson’s disease-related symptoms

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
For influenza prevention: 100 mg once daily, for treatment: 200 mg daily divided into two doses.

Parkinson’s disease:
Initial dose: 100 mg daily, may be adjusted as directed by a healthcare provider.

Note: Dosage may vary based on individual response and doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Amantadine works by inhibiting the M2 proton channel of the influenza A virus, preventing viral uncoating and replication. In Parkinson’s disease, it boosts dopamine release, thereby improving motor symptoms associated with dopamine deficiency.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

  • Nausea
  • Dizziness
  • Insomnia
  • Dry mouth

Rare/serious side effects:

  • Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
  • Hallucinations or confusion
  • Irregular heartbeat

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

  • Inform your doctor if you have a history of seizures, kidney disease, or mood disorders
  • Use caution when driving or operating machinery until you know how this medication affects you
  • May exacerbate certain psychiatric conditions in predisposed individuals

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

  • Alcohol (increased risk of side effects)
  • Anticholinergic medications (enhanced side effects)
  • Other dopamine agonists

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

  • Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
  • Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight
  • Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

  • Severe nausea or vomiting
  • Confusion or agitation
  • Dizziness or fainting

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

  • Allergic to Amantadine or any of its components
  • History of seizure disorders or untreated hypertension

Brand Names / Alternatives

  • Symmetrel
  • Generic name: Amantadine