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Famciclovir

Famciclovir 125mg, 250mg, 500mg

Famciclovir is an antiviral medication used primarily to treat infections caused by certain types of viruses, including herpes zoster (shingles), herpes simplex (including genital herpes), and cold sores. It works by inhibiting the replication of the virus, thus helping to reduce the severity and duration of symptoms. Famciclovir is typically prescribed for both acute outbreaks and as suppressive therapy to prevent future episodes in individuals with recurrent infections.

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Description

Famciclovir is an antiviral medication used primarily to treat infections caused by certain types of viruses, including herpes viruses. It works by inhibiting viral DNA synthesis, thereby reducing the ability of the virus to replicate and spread in the body.

Uses / Indications

  • Herpes zoster (shingles)
  • Genital herpes (initial and recurrent outbreaks)
  • Herpes simplex infections (including ocular and skin infections)
  • Prevention of herpes virus reactivation in immunocompromised patients

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Treatment for shingles: 500 mg three times daily for 7 days.
Treatment for genital herpes: 250 mg three times daily for 5 days (or 1,000 mg twice daily for 1 day for the initial episode).

Children:
Dosage varies based on age and weight – consult a healthcare professional for specific recommendations.

Note: Dosage may vary based on medical condition or doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Famciclovir is a prodrug that is converted in the body to its active form, penciclovir. It selectively inhibits the viral enzyme DNA polymerase, subsequently limiting viral DNA replication and helping the immune system to control the viral infection effectively.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

  • Headache
  • Nausea
  • Diarrhea
  • Fatigue

Rare/serious side effects:

  • Kidney problems (e.g., changes in urination)
  • Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
  • Neurological symptoms (confusion, hallucinations)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

  • Inform your doctor if you have kidney disease or are pregnant/breastfeeding.
  • Use caution when operating machinery or driving until you know how this medication affects you.
  • Stay hydrated; dehydration may worsen side effects.

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

  • Other antivirals (may affect efficacy)
  • Probenecid (may increase famciclovir levels)
  • Immunosuppressants

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

  • Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
  • Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
  • Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Confusion or disorientation
  • Severe dizziness
  • Changes in urination

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

  • Allergic to Famciclovir or its components
  • Severe renal impairment (in some cases)

Brand Names / Alternatives

  • Famvir
  • Generic name: Famciclovir