Escitalopram

Description

Escitalopram is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medication primarily used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. It works by increasing the levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that contributes to feelings of well-being and happiness, in the brain.

Uses / Indications

• Major depressive disorder (MDD)
• Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
• Social anxiety disorder
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
• Panic disorder

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
10 mg once daily, may be increased to 20 mg based on the doctor’s advice and individual response.

Older adults (over 65 years):
Usually starting at 5 mg once daily, with potential adjustments by the healthcare provider.

Note: Dosage may vary based on individual needs and medical conditions.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Escitalopram selectively inhibits the reuptake of serotonin at the neuronal synapse, thereby increasing serotonin availability in the brain. This action helps improve mood and reduce anxiety.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Nausea
• Sleep disturbances (insomnia or sleepiness)
• Dry mouth
• Increased sweating
• Dizziness

Rare/serious side effects:

• Severe allergic reactions (swelling, rash, difficulty breathing)
• Suicidal thoughts or behavior
• Serotonin syndrome (symptoms include confusion, hallucination, seizure, extreme changes in blood pressure)

If serious side effects occur, seek medical attention immediately.

Precautions / Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have a history of liver or kidney issues, seizures, or bipolar disorder.
• Caution is advised if combining with other medications affecting serotonin levels.
• May cause withdrawal symptoms if discontinued abruptly; follow your doctor’s recommendations for tapering off.

Drug Interactions

Escitalopram may interact with:

• Other SSRIs or SNRIs
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
• Certain pain medications (like tramadol)
• Blood thinners (like warfarin)

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications, supplements, or herbal products you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep away from moisture and direct sunlight
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed one; do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

• Increased drowsiness
• Rapid heartbeat
• Severe dizziness or fainting
• Confusion

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help if overdose is suspected.

Contraindications

• Allergic reactions to Escitalopram or citalopram
• Concurrent use of MAOIs or thioridazine

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Lexapro
• Escitalopram oxalate (generic)
• Some international brand names may vary.