Imipramine

Description

Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) primarily used to treat depression. It works by influencing the balance of certain chemicals in the brain that affect mood and emotional state, thus helping to alleviate symptoms of depression. Additionally, it is sometimes used to treat anxiety disorders and manage chronic pain.

Uses / Indications

• Major depressive disorder
• Anxiety disorders
• Panic disorder
• Nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting) in children
• Chronic pain management
• Ineffective response to other antidepressants

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Initial dose is typically between 75 mg to 100 mg per day, which may be increased based on the patient’s response.

Children:
The dosage for children varies depending on the condition being treated and should be determined by a healthcare provider.

Note: Dosage may vary based on individual circumstances and should be adjusted according to a doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Imipramine works by inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, two neurotransmitters involved in mood regulation. This action increases the availability of these chemicals in the brain, which can help improve mood and alleviate depressive symptoms. Its diverse effects also contribute to its use in treating various anxiety-related disorders.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Dry mouth
• Drowsiness or fatigue
• Constipation
• Dizziness

Rare/serious side effects:

• Fast or irregular heartbeat
• Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
• Seizures
• Mood changes or worsening depression

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have a history of heart problems, seizures, or glaucoma
• Careful monitoring is required if taking with other medications that affect mood or CNS
• Not recommended for use during pregnancy unless clearly needed

Drug Interactions

Imipramine may interact with:

• Alcohol (may enhance sedative effects)
• Other antidepressants
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
• Certain heart medications
• Anticholinergic medications

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

• Extreme drowsiness
• Confusion or agitation
• Fast or irregular heartbeat
• Seizures

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

• Allergic to Imipramine or other tricyclic antidepressants
• Use of MAOIs within the last 14 days
• Recent heart attack or severe heart disease

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Tofranil
• Generic name: Imipramine