Selegiline

Description

Selegiline is a selective irreversible monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor used primarily in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease and major depressive disorder. It enhances the effects of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that is often deficient in Parkinson’s patients, thereby improving motor function and overall quality of life.

Uses / Indications

• Parkinson’s disease (as part of a comprehensive treatment plan)
• Major depressive disorder (in some cases, as adjunctive therapy)
• Symptoms of dementia (off-label use)
• Potential enhancement of cognitive function and mood

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
For Parkinson’s disease, the typical starting dose is 5 mg once daily, which may be increased based on physician advice and response to the treatment.

Note: Dosage may vary according to individual medical conditions and physician recommendations.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Selegiline works by selectively inhibiting the enzyme monoamine oxidase B, thereby preventing the breakdown of dopamine in the brain. This leads to increased levels of dopamine, which can help alleviate symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and improve mood in depressive disorders.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Nausea
• Dizziness
• Insomnia
• Dry mouth

Rare/serious side effects:

• Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)
• Hypotension (low blood pressure)
• Hallucinations or confusion

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Consult your doctor if you have liver or kidney disease, or are pregnant/breastfeeding
• Use caution when mixing with other medications that increase serotonin levels
• Avoid tyramine-rich foods (e.g., aged cheeses, cured meats) to minimize risk of hypertensive crisis

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs, tricyclics)
• Other MAO inhibitors
• Certain pain medications (meperidine, tramadol)
• Stimulants (may enhance side effects)

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep out of reach of moisture, heat, and direct sunlight
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

• Severe headache
• Rapid or irregular heartbeat
• Severe dizziness
• Confusion or agitation

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

• Allergic reactions to Selegiline
• Combination with other MAO inhibitors or certain medications

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Eldepryl
• Zelapar
• Generic name: Selegiline