Venlafaxine

Description

Venlafaxine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressant used primarily to treat major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and panic disorder. It works by increasing the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine—two natural chemicals in the brain that help maintain mental balance.

Uses / Indications

• Major depressive disorder
• Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
• Panic disorder
• Social anxiety disorder
• Chronic pain management (off-label use)

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Initially, 75 mg once daily (extended-release capsule), which may be adjusted by your doctor as needed.

Children and adolescents:
Venlafaxine is not typically recommended for patients under 18 years without clinical evaluation and supervision by a healthcare provider.

Note: Dosage may vary based on medical condition or doctor’s guidance.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Venlafaxine works by inhibiting the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine, increasing their availability in the brain. This mechanism is believed to help enhance mood and alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Nausea
• Dry mouth
• Dizziness
• Increased sweating
• Fatigue

Rare/serious side effects:

• Increased blood pressure
• Fast or irregular heartbeat
• Suicidal thoughts or behavior
• Serotonin syndrome (symptoms include agitation, hallucinations, hyperactivity)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Consult your doctor if you have a history of seizures, liver disease, or bipolar disorder.
• Caution is advised if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding.
• Monitor for mood changes or worsening depression, especially at the start of treatment or when dosages are changed.

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) can lead to severe reactions.
• Other antidepressants (may increase the risk of serotonin syndrome).
• Blood pressure medications (may increase blood pressure).
• Certain migraine medications (triptans).

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you are taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F).
• Keep away from excess moisture, heat, and direct sunlight.
• Keep out of reach of children.

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed one and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.

Overdose symptoms:

• Severe drowsiness
• Rapid heart rate
• Severe headache
• Vomiting

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately if an overdose is suspected.

Contraindications

• Allergic to venlafaxine or any components of the formulation.
• Use with caution in patients with uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma.

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Effexor
• Effexor XR
• Venlafaxine hydrochloride
• Generic name: Venlafaxine