Ethinyloestradiol

Description

Ethinyloestradiol is a synthetic estrogen commonly used in hormonal contraceptives. It helps regulate various physiological processes in the body, including the menstrual cycle and reproductive system. By mimicking the activity of natural estrogens, Ethinyloestradiol aids in preventing ovulation and managing hormonal imbalances.

Uses / Indications

• Oral contraception (birth control)
• Management of menstrual disorders (e.g., heavy periods)
• Hormone replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms
• Treatment of acne in women
• Regulation of menstrual cycles

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Typically, 20 to 35 micrograms of Ethinyloestradiol is taken once daily for 21 days, followed by a 7-day pill-free interval. Specific dosage may vary based on the individual’s needs and doctor’s recommendations.

Note: Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for appropriate dosing.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Ethinyloestradiol works primarily by inhibiting ovulation through negative feedback on the pituitary gland, reducing the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). This prevents the ovaries from releasing eggs and alters the uterine lining, making it less receptive to implantation.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Nausea
• Breast tenderness
• Headache
• Mood changes

Rare/serious side effects:

• Blood clots (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism)
• High blood pressure
• Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have a history of cardiovascular issues, liver disease, or are pregnant/breastfeeding
• Caution is advised if you smoke, especially if over 35
• Regular medical check-ups are recommended while taking this medication

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Antibiotics (like rifampin, which may decrease effectiveness)
• Anticonvulsants (may reduce Ethinyloestradiol effectiveness)
• St. John’s Wort (reduces effectiveness)
• Certain antifungals and antivirals

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up to make up for a missed dose.

Overdose symptoms:

• Nausea or vomiting
• Unexpected vaginal bleeding
• Severe headaches
• Dizziness

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

• Allergic to Ethinyloestradiol or other estrogen-containing medications
• History of blood clots or stroke
• Certain types of liver disease

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Yasmin
• Ortho Tri-Cyclen
• Loestrin
• Estrostep
• Generic name: Ethinyloestradiol