Indapamide

Description

Indapamide is a thiazide-like diuretic primarily used to treat high blood pressure and manage fluid retention in certain conditions. By increasing urine output, it helps to lower blood pressure and reduce swelling, making it an effective treatment for hypertension and edema.

Uses / Indications

• Essential hypertension (high blood pressure)
• Edema associated with heart failure
• Kidney disorders causing fluid retention
• Management of certain cases of congestive heart failure
• Treatment of edema related to liver cirrhosis

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Initially, 2.5 mg once daily, which may be adjusted based on blood pressure response and tolerance.

Special populations (e.g. elderly or those with kidney impairment):
Dosage may need adjustment, aiming for the lowest effective dose to achieve desired outcomes.

Note: Always follow your healthcare provider’s advice regarding dosage modifications.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Indapamide works by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubules of the kidneys, leading to increased urine output. This diuretic effect helps decrease blood volume, which consequently reduces blood pressure.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Frequent urination
• Dry mouth
• Fatigue

Rare/serious side effects:

• Low blood pressure (hypotension)
• Electrolyte imbalances (low potassium or sodium levels)
• Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have kidney disease, liver issues, or are pregnant/breastfeeding.
• Monitor electrolytes regularly while on this medication.
• Avoid alcohol, as it may enhance side effects.

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Other antihypertensives (may enhance blood pressure-lowering effects)
• Lithium (increased levels may lead to toxicity)
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• Medications affecting electrolyte balance

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

• Severe dizziness or fainting
• Irregular heartbeat
• Excessive tiredness
• Nausea or vomiting

Contact emergency medical services immediately if overdose is suspected.

Contraindications

• Allergic reactions to Indapamide or similar medications
• Severe kidney impairment
• Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Lozol
• Natrilix
• Indapamide (generic name)
• Indapen (international)