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Lisinopril

Lisinopril 10mg, 20mg, 40mg

Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used primarily to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. By relaxing blood vessels, it helps lower blood pressure and improve blood flow, reducing the strain on the heart. Lisinopril is also prescribed to improve survival after a heart attack and to protect kidney function in patients with diabetes. Common side effects may include cough, dizziness, and elevated potassium levels.

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Description

Lisinopril is an ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. It works by relaxing blood vessels, allowing blood to flow more easily, which helps to lower blood pressure and reduce strain on the heart.

Uses / Indications

  • Hypertension (high blood pressure)
  • Heart failure
  • Post-myocardial infarction (heart attack)
  • Diabetic nephropathy (kidney protection for diabetics)
  • Reduction of cardiovascular events in patients with certain risk factors

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Initial dose: 10 mg once daily; maintenance dose may vary between 20 mg to 40 mg based on blood pressure response.

Children (6 years and older):
0.08 mg/kg once daily (up to a maximum of 5 mg), adjusted based on blood pressure response.

Note: Dosage may vary based on medical condition, patient’s response, or doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Lisinopril inhibits the angiotensin-converting enzyme, leading to decreased levels of angiotensin II, a substance that narrows blood vessels. This promotes vasodilation, allowing blood to flow more freely and helping to lower blood pressure.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

  • Cough
  • Dizziness or light-headedness
  • Fatigue
  • Headache
  • Nausea

Rare/serious side effects:

  • Angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat)
  • Severe hypotension (extremely low blood pressure)
  • Kidney problems (elevated blood urea nitrogen or creatinine)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

  • Inform your doctor of any history of kidney disease, liver disease, or angioedema.
  • Use caution when taking other medications that may affect blood pressure.
  • Monitor blood pressure regularly, especially when starting treatment.

Drug Interactions

Lisinopril may interact with:

  • Diuretics (water pills)
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
  • Potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics
  • Other medications that lower blood pressure

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

  • Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
  • Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
  • Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

  • Severe dizziness or fainting
  • Rapid or slow heartbeat
  • Severe drop in blood pressure

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

  • Allergic to Lisinopril or any other ACE inhibitors
  • History of angioedema related to ACE inhibitor treatment
  • Pregnancy (especially in the second and third trimesters)

Brand Names / Alternatives

  • Prinivil
  • Zestril
  • Lisinopril (generic)