Nebivolol

Description

Nebivolol is a selective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist (beta-blocker) primarily used for managing high blood pressure (hypertension). It works by blocking certain receptors in the heart, leading to decreased heart rate and lower blood pressure. Additionally, Nebivolol promotes the release of nitric oxide, which helps to relax and widen blood vessels, further contributing to its antihypertensive effects.

Uses / Indications

• Essential hypertension (high blood pressure)
• Heart failure (in certain patients)
• Management of tachycardia (increased heart rate)
• May be used to prevent migraine headaches
• Certain arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats)

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Initial dose is usually 5 mg taken once daily. The dose may be adjusted by your doctor based on your response to the medication, with a maximum of 40 mg daily.

Note: Dosage may vary based on individual health conditions or doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Nebivolol selectively blocks the beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart, reducing heart rate and myocardial contractility. It also enhances nitric oxide production, leading to vasodilation (widening of blood vessels), which helps lower blood pressure.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Fatigue or tiredness
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Headache
• Nausea

Rare/serious side effects:

• Slow heart rate (bradycardia)
• Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
• Shortness of breath or wheezing
• Mood changes (depression, anxiety)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), liver problems, or are pregnant/breastfeeding
• Caution is advised when combining with other medications that lower heart rate or blood pressure
• Do not suddenly stop taking Nebivolol without consulting a healthcare professional, as this may worsen your condition

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Other beta-blockers or antihypertensives
• Calcium channel blockers
• Certain antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs)
• Medications that can affect liver enzymes

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
• Do not freeze liquid forms
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

• Severe dizziness
• Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
• Fainting
• Unusual tiredness

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

• Allergic to Nebivolol or any of the ingredients in the formulation
• Severe bradycardia or heart block
• Severe liver impairment

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Bystolic
• Nebivolol (generic name)