Ramipril

Description

Ramipril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and heart failure. It works by relaxing blood vessels, allowing blood to flow more easily, which helps to lower blood pressure and decrease the workload on the heart.

Uses / Indications

• Hypertension (high blood pressure)
• Heart failure
• Reduction of the risk of heart attack, stroke, and death from cardiovascular causes in high-risk patients
• Prevention of kidney damage in patients with diabetes
• Post-myocardial infarction management

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Initial dose is typically 2.5 mg once daily. It may be increased to 5 mg or 10 mg daily based on blood pressure response.

Older adults:
Starting dose may be lower (1.25 mg), adjusting as needed based on tolerance and response.

Note: Dosage may vary based on medical condition or doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Ramipril inhibits the angiotensin-converting enzyme, which plays a crucial role in the body’s blood pressure control mechanism. By blocking this enzyme, Ramipril lowers levels of angiotensin II, a substance that narrows blood vessels, thereby reducing blood vessel constriction and leading to lower blood pressure.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Cough
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Fatigue
• Headache

Rare/serious side effects:

• Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching/swelling, difficulty breathing)
• Kidney dysfunction
• Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have a history of angioedema, kidney disease, or are pregnant/breastfeeding
• Use caution in patients with reduced kidney function or on potassium-sparing medications
• Monitor blood pressure regularly during treatment

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Diuretics (may enhance the blood pressure-lowering effect)
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• Potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics
• Other medications that affect blood pressure

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (15°C–30°C / 59°F–86°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

• Severe dizziness or fainting
• Rapid heartbeat
• Cough
• Low blood pressure (symptoms may include faintness or confusion)

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

• Allergic to Ramipril or any ACE inhibitors
• History of angioedema related to previous treatment with ACE inhibitors

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Altace
• Ramipril (generic)
• Tritace (international)
• Various combination products with other antihypertensives