Sotalol

Description

Sotalol is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs known as beta-blockers. It is primarily used to treat certain types of irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). By blocking beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart, Sotalol helps to slow the heart rate and stabilize heart rhythms, reducing the risk of episodes that may lead to serious health complications.

Uses / Indications

• Atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter
• Ventricular tachycardia (VT)
• Prevention of life-threatening arrhythmias
• Management of ventricular ectopy (premature ventricular contractions)
• Rate control in tachyarrhythmias

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
The initial recommended dose is typically between 80 mg to 120 mg, taken once or twice daily, with adjustments based on response and tolerability. Maximum recommended daily doses may reach up to 480 mg.

Children:
Dosage in children is determined by weight and specific arrhythmia; consult a healthcare provider for the appropriate dose.

Note: Dosage may vary based on individual medical conditions or a doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Sotalol works by non-selectively blocking beta-adrenergic receptors, which slows down heart rate and conduction through the heart. This action helps to stabilize electrical activity in the heart, making it particularly useful in managing arrhythmias.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Fatigue or weakness
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Nausea
• Bradycardia (slow heart rate)

Rare/serious side effects:

• Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
• Chest pain or worsening arrhythmias
• Shortness of breath or wheezing

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or heart failure.
• Use caution if combining with medications that lower heart rate or blood pressure.
• Regular monitoring of kidney function and heart rhythm may be necessary while on treatment.

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Other antihypertensives (may enhance blood pressure-lowering effects)
• Calcium channel blockers (risk of excessive bradycardia)
• Antiarrhythmic drugs (increased risk of arrhythmias)
• Medications that affect kidney function

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

• Extreme fatigue
• Severe dizziness or fainting
• Irregular heartbeat or palpitations
• Shortness of breath

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

• Allergic to Sotalol or any of its components
• Severe bradycardia or heart block without a pacemaker
• High risk of asthma or other reactive airway diseases

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Betapace
• Sorine
• Generic name: Sotalol