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Telmisartan

Telmisartan 20mg, 40mg, 80mg

Telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used primarily to manage high blood pressure (hypertension) and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with specific health conditions. By blocking the effects of angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels, Telmisartan helps relax blood vessels, thereby lowering blood pressure and improving blood flow. It is often prescribed as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that may include lifestyle changes and, in some cases, other medications.

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Description

Telmisartan is an oral medication classified as an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used primarily to manage high blood pressure (hypertension). It helps relax blood vessels, which in turn lowers blood pressure and improves blood flow, making it easier for the heart to pump blood.

Uses / Indications

  • Management of essential hypertension
  • Reduction of cardiovascular morbidity in patients at risk
  • Treatment of heart failure (when combined with other medications)
  • Improvement of exercise tolerance in heart failure patients

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Initial dose is typically 40 mg once daily, with a maximum daily dose of up to 80 mg based on blood pressure response.

Older adults or individuals with kidney disease:
Lower initial doses may be appropriate; a typical starting dose is 20 mg once daily.

Note: Dosage may vary based on the individual’s health condition and doctor’s recommendations.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Telmisartan selectively blocks the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels. By preventing angiotensin II from binding to its receptors, Telmisartan causes vasodilation, thereby reducing blood pressure and decreasing the workload on the heart.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

  • Dizziness or lightheadedness
  • Fatigue
  • Nasal congestion
  • Back pain

Rare/serious side effects:

  • Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
  • Kidney dysfunction (elevated potassium levels)
  • Liver problems (jaundice or elevated liver enzymes)

Seek medical assistance if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

  • Discuss your medical history with your doctor, especially kidney or liver disease.
  • Use caution when combining with diuretics or other antihypertensives.
  • May cause low blood pressure; monitor closely when starting treatment or adjusting doses.

Drug Interactions

Telmisartan may interact with:

  • Diuretics (potential for low blood pressure)
  • Other antihypertensives
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
  • Lithium (increased lithium levels)

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

  • Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
  • Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
  • Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

  • Severe dizziness
  • Rapid heart rate
  • Fainting
  • Low blood pressure (hypotension)

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

  • Allergic to Telmisartan or any of its ingredients
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding women (unless under doctor supervision)

Brand Names / Alternatives

  • Micardis
  • Telmisartan (generic)
  • Other combination therapies available (e.g., Telmisartan + Hydrochlorothiazide)