Simvastatin

Description

Simvastatin is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood. It works by blocking a substance your body needs to make cholesterol, helping to reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke by preventing the formation of fatty deposits in the arteries.

Uses / Indications

• Adjunct to diet for the treatment of elevated total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides
• Prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with elevated risk
• Slowing the progression of coronary artery disease
• Reduction of heart attack and stroke risk

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
10 to 40 mg once daily in the evening (dose may be adjusted based on cholesterol levels and doctor’s recommendations).

Children aged 10 years and older:
Starting dose typically ranges from 5 to 10 mg orally once daily (adjustable based on response).

Note: Dosage may vary depending on individual medical conditions and physician’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Simvastatin inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which is critical for cholesterol production in the liver. By lowering cholesterol synthesis, it results in increased uptake of LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream, thus reducing overall cholesterol levels and lowering the risk of plaque formation in arteries.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Muscle pain or weakness
• Abdominal pain
• Constipation
• Nausea

Rare/serious side effects:

• Severe muscle injury (rhabdomyolysis)
• Liver problems (elevated liver enzymes)
• Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Consult your doctor if you have liver disease, kidney problems, or have a history of muscle disorders
• Use caution when taking with other medications that affect liver function
• Avoid pregnancy; discuss family planning with your doctor

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Certain antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin, clarithromycin)
• Fibrate medications (e.g., gemfibrozil)
• Grapefruit juice (may increase the risk of side effects)
• Other cholesterol-lowering medications

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

• Severe muscle pain
• Dark colored urine
• Unexplained fatigue
• Nausea or vomiting

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

• Allergic to Simvastatin or any ingredients in the formulation
• Active liver disease or unexplained persistent elevation of liver enzymes
• Pregnant or breastfeeding

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Zocor
• Simvastatin (generic name)
• Vytorin (combined with ezetimibe)