Repaglinide

Description

Repaglinide is a rapid-acting oral medication primarily used to manage blood sugar levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. It functions by stimulating the pancreas to release insulin after meals, thereby helping to control postprandial (after-meal) blood glucose levels.

Uses / Indications

• Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus
• To improve glycemic control in conjunction with diet and exercise
• Typically prescribed when metformin is not suitable or needs to be supplemented
• Control of postprandial hyperglycemia

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
0.5 to 4 mg taken immediately before meals, up to three times a day (the dose may be adjusted based on individual response).

Note: Dosage may vary based on medical condition or doctor’s advice. It is important to take this medication before meals to prevent high blood sugar spikes.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Repaglinide works by activating the beta cells in the pancreas to release insulin. This action occurs more rapidly compared to other diabetes medications, allowing for better control of blood glucose levels shortly after eating.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
• Weight gain
• Nausea
• Diarrhea

Rare/serious side effects:

• Severe hypoglycemia, which may lead to confusion, seizures, or loss of consciousness
• Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have liver disease, kidney issues, or any history of heart problems
• Use caution when driving or operating machinery until you know how this medication affects you
• Regularly monitor blood glucose levels and report any significant changes to your healthcare provider

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Certain antibiotics (e.g., sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim)
• Other diabetes medications (increased risk of hypoglycemia)
• Antifungal medications (e.g., ketoconazole)
• Medications affecting liver enzymes

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications, supplements, or herbal products you are taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next meal, skip the missed dose. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

• Severe hypoglycemia (confusion, dizziness, sweating)
• Rapid heartbeat
• Fainting or loss of consciousness

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately if overdose is suspected.

Contraindications

• Allergic to Repaglinide or any of the formulation’s components
• Type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Prandin
• Generic name: Repaglinide