Tadalafil

Description

Tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor that helps improve erectile function by increasing blood flow to the penis during sexual stimulation. It can also be used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), such as difficulty in urination.

Uses / Indications

• Erectile dysfunction (ED)
• Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
• Pulmonary arterial hypertension (under specific conditions)
• Improve exercise capacity in men and women with pulmonary artery hypertension

Dosage and Administration

Adults for erectile dysfunction:
10 mg taken orally as needed prior to sexual activity, approximately 30 minutes before intercourse.

Daily use for erectile dysfunction:
2.5 mg taken once daily, at approximately the same time each day, regardless of timing of sexual activity.

Adults for benign prostatic hyperplasia:
5 mg taken orally once daily.

Note: Dosage may vary based on medical condition or doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Tadalafil works by inhibiting the enzyme phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), leading to increased levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in the smooth muscle cells of the penis. This results in enhanced blood flow and an erection upon sexual stimulation. In the treatment of BPH, it relaxes smooth muscles in the prostate and bladder neck, improving urinary symptoms.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Headache
• Indigestion
• Back pain
• Muscle aches
• Flushing (warmth or redness)

Rare/serious side effects:

• Prolonged erection (priapism)
• Vision changes (sudden vision loss)
• Hearing loss or tinnitus
• Severe allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Consult your doctor if you have a history of heart problems, low blood pressure, or eye conditions such as retinitis pigmentosa.
• Use caution if combining with other medications, especially nitrates, as this can lead to a dangerous drop in blood pressure.
• Limit alcohol consumption while taking this medication as it can worsen side effects.

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

• Nitrates (used for angina)
• Alpha-blockers (used for high blood pressure or prostate issues)
• Other PDE5 inhibitors
• Certain antibiotics and antifungals
• HIV protease inhibitors

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
If taking for erectile dysfunction, skip the missed dose and take it when needed. For daily use, take the missed dose as soon as you remember unless it’s close to the next scheduled dose.

Overdose symptoms:

• Chest pain
• Nausea
• Dizziness
• Prolonged erection

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

• Allergic to Tadalafil or any of its components
• Use of nitrates or certain other medications for heart conditions

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Cialis
• Adcirca (for pulmonary arterial hypertension)
• Generic name: Tadalafil