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Misoprostol

Misoprostol 200mcg

Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin used for various medical applications, including the prevention of gastric ulcers in patients taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the medical management of pregnancy-related conditions, such as inducing labor and facilitating abortions. By promoting uterine contractions and enhancing cervical ripening, it plays a crucial role in reproductive health care while also providing gastroprotective effects to reduce ulcer risks.

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Description

Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analog that is primarily used for its ability to prevent gastric ulcers, induce labor, and manage miscarriage. By mimicking the effects of naturally occurring prostaglandins, Misoprostol helps to protect the stomach lining and stimulate uterine contractions.

Uses / Indications

  • Prevention of gastric ulcers in patients taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
  • Induction of labor in pregnant women
  • Management of missed miscarriages
  • Medical abortion, in combination with mifepristone
  • Treatment of postpartum hemorrhage

Dosage and Administration

For gastric ulcer prevention:
Typically, 200 mcg taken 4 times daily with food.

For induction of labor/miscarriage management:
Dosing varies based on the specific medical scenario and should be guided by a healthcare professional.

Note: Dosage may vary based on medical condition or doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Misoprostol works by binding to specific prostaglandin receptors, leading to enhanced mucus and bicarbonate production in the stomach, promoting mucus cell turnover, and stimulating uterine contractions, which helps in labor induction and expulsion of pregnancy products.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

  • Diarrhea
  • Abdominal pain or cramping
  • Nausea
  • Headache

Rare/serious side effects:

  • Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
  • Uterine rupture (in rare cases)
  • Severe diarrhea leading to dehydration

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

  • Not recommended for individuals with a history of allergic reactions to Misoprostol or prostaglandins.
  • Caution in patients with a history of gastrointestinal disorders.
  • Should not be used in certain pregnancy situations without medical supervision.

Drug Interactions

May interact with:

  • Other drugs affecting uterine contractions
  • Certain antacids that contain magnesium (may worsen diarrhea)
  • Other pharmaceutical agents that may affect gastric pH

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

  • Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
  • Keep in a tightly closed container away from moisture and heat
  • Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up, especially in emergency situations like induction of labor.

Overdose symptoms:

  • Severe gastrointestinal symptoms
  • Excessive uterine contractions
  • Dehydration from diarrhea

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

  • Allergic to Misoprostol or similar medications
  • Pregnancy without medical supervision for labor induction/abortion

Brand Names / Alternatives

  • Cytotec
  • Generic name: Misoprostol