Lioresal

Description

Lioresal (generic name: baclofen) is a muscle relaxant medication that is primarily used to treat muscle spasms and spasticity associated with conditions such as multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injuries. It works by inhibiting the transmission of nerve signals in the spinal cord, providing relief from muscle stiffness and spasms.

Uses / Indications

• Muscle spasticity due to multiple sclerosis
• Muscle spasms related to spinal cord injuries
• Management of muscle stiffness in conditions such as cerebral palsy
• Adjunct treatment for acute and chronic pain involving tight or spastic muscles

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Initial dose of 5 mg, taken three times daily. The dosage may be gradually increased to a maximum of 80 mg per day, depending on individual response and tolerance.

Children (over 12 years):
Initial dose is 5 mg, taken three times a day, which can be adjusted based on clinical response and tolerance.

Note: Dosage may vary based on medical condition or doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Lioresal works by acting as a GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) agonist, specifically targeting GABA-B receptors in the spinal cord. This action helps decrease the release of excitatory neurotransmitters, thereby reducing muscle spasm and promoting relaxation.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Drowsiness or sedation
• Dizziness
• Weakness or fatigue
• Nausea

Rare/serious side effects:

• Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
• Confusion or hallucinations
• Seizures (rare)
• Withdrawal symptoms after abrupt cessation

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

• Inform your doctor if you have kidney disease or are taking other muscle relaxants
• Use caution when operating machinery or driving, as Lioresal can cause drowsiness
• Do not stop taking Lioresal suddenly; consult your doctor for a tapering schedule

Drug Interactions

Lioresal may interact with:

• Alcohol (can enhance sedative effects)
• Other central nervous system depressants (e.g. opioids, benzodiazepines)
• Certain medications for epilepsy or depression
• Medications that affect liver enzymes

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

• Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
• Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
• Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up on doses.

Overdose symptoms:

• Severe drowsiness
• Nausea and vomiting
• Slow or difficult breathing
• Seizures

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately if an overdose is suspected.

Contraindications

• Allergic to baclofen
• Severe kidney impairment
• Pregnancy (unless prescribed by a physician)

Brand Names / Alternatives

• Lioresal
• Generic name: Baclofen
• Intrathecal baclofen (for severe cases)