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Pentoxifylline

Pentoxifylline 400mg

Pentoxifylline is a medication that improves blood flow by reducing the viscosity of blood, making it easier for red blood cells to deform and navigate through small blood vessels. It is primarily used to treat conditions such as intermittent claudication, a painful condition caused by inadequate blood supply to the legs, and to promote healing in chronic wounds. By enhancing circulation and oxygen delivery to tissues, Pentoxifylline can help alleviate pain and improve mobility in affected individuals.

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Description

Pentoxifylline is a medication primarily used to improve blood flow in patients with circulation problems. It works by decreasing blood viscosity and increasing red blood cell flexibility, which enhances microcirculation and helps with oxygen delivery to tissues.

Uses / Indications

  • Intermittent claudication (pain in legs due to inadequate blood flow)
  • Chronic venous insufficiency
  • Diabetic foot ulcers
  • Peripheral vascular disease
  • Improvement of blood flow in patients with sickle cell disease

Dosage and Administration

Adults:
Initial dose is typically 400 mg three times daily, taken with meals to minimize stomach upset.

Note: Dosage may vary based on individual medical condition or doctor’s advice.

How It Works (Mechanism of Action)

Pentoxifylline works by inhibiting phosphodiesterase, leading to an increase in cyclic AMP levels that results in vasodilation and decreased blood viscosity. This enhances blood flow, particularly to the microcirculation, and improves oxygen delivery to the tissues.

Side Effects

Common side effects:

  • Nausea
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Stomach upset
  • Flushing

Rare/serious side effects:

  • Fast or irregular heartbeat
  • Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
  • Unusual bleeding or bruising

Seek medical attention if serious side effects occur.

Precautions / Warnings

  • Inform your doctor if you have a history of bleeding disorders, liver disease, or heart conditions.
  • Use caution if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
  • Regular monitoring may be required if you have concomitant health conditions.

Drug Interactions

Pentoxifylline may interact with:

  • Anticoagulants (may enhance bleeding risk)
  • Other medications that affect blood viscosity
  • Certain medications that inhibit liver enzymes

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you’re taking.

Storage Instructions

  • Store at room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F)
  • Keep away from moisture, heat, and direct light
  • Keep out of reach of children

Missed Dose / Overdose

Missed a dose?
Take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one. Do not double up.

Overdose symptoms:

  • Severe dizziness or lightheadedness
  • Rapid or irregular heartbeat
  • Nausea or vomiting

Contact a poison control center or seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications

  • Allergic to Pentoxifylline or any of its components
  • Severe bleeding conditions

Brand Names / Alternatives

  • Trental
  • Pentoxil
  • Generic name: Pentoxifylline